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Contaminants

All Contaminants

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1-Butanol 1,1-Dichloroethane1,1-Dichloroethylene1,1-Dichloropropene1,1,1-Trichloro-2-propanone1,1,1-Trichloroethane1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane1,1,2-Trichloroethane1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-2-(1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-ethoxy)ethane sulfonic acid (NVHOS)1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP)1,2-Dichloroethane1,2-Dichloropropane1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene1,2,3-Trichloropropane1,2,3-Trimethylbenzene1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene1,3-Butadiene1,3-Dichloropropane1,3-Dichloropropene1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene1,4-Dioxane17-beta-Estradiol2-Furancarboxyaldehyde2-Hexanone2-Methoxyethanol2-Methyl naphthalene2-Methylbutane2-Nitropropane2-propen-1-ol 2,2-Dichloropropane2,3,7,8-TCDD (Dioxin)2,4-D2,4-DB2,4,5-T2,4,5-TP (Silvex)3-Hydroxycarbofuran4-Androstene-3,17-dione4,8-dioxa-3H-perfluorononanoic acid (ADONA) 6:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonate (6 2FTS) 8:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonate (8:2FTS) 1-Butanol 1,1-Dichloroethane1,1-Dichloroethylene1,1-Dichloropropene1,1,1-Trichloro-2-propanone1,1,1-Trichloroethane1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane1,1,2-Trichloroethane1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-2-(1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-ethoxy)ethane sulfonic acid (NVHOS)1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP)1,2-Dichloroethane1,2-Dichloropropane1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene1,2,3-Trichloropropane1,2,3-Trimethylbenzene1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene1,3-Butadiene1,3-Dichloropropane1,3-Dichloropropene1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene1,4-Dioxane2-Furancarboxyaldehyde2-Hexanone2-Methoxyethanol2-Methyl naphthalene2-Methylbutane2-Nitropropane2-propen-1-ol 2,2-Dichloropropane2,3,7,8-TCDD (Dioxin)2,4-D2,4-DB2,4,5-T2,4,5-TP (Silvex)3-Hydroxycarbofuran4-Androstene-3,17-dione4,8-dioxa-3H-perfluorononanoic acid (ADONA) 6:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonate (6 2FTS) 8:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonate (8:2FTS) 17-beta-Estradiol
What’s in your water?
Haloacetic acids (HAA5)
Increased risk of cancer
EWG guideline0.1 ppb
Legal limit60 ppb
ppb = Parts per billion
Haloacetic acids are formed when disinfectants such as chlorine are added to tap water. The group of five haloacetic acids regulated by federal standards includes monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, monobromoacetic acid and dibromoacetic acid.
States affected
51
Utilities affected
30,731
Population affected
290,298,891
You should know
There are five haloacetic acids (HAA5) that occur as a by-product of water treatment using chlorination. The five acids are monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, monobromoacetic acid, and dibromoacetic acid. Additionally, HAAs are not affected by boiling or storage. However, filtration is effective in decreasing their levels.

For some people, drinking water with elevelated levels of HAAs can lead to a higher risk of cancer, reporoductive issues, rectal issues, fetal growth, and adolescent development.
Health concerns
  • Increased risk of cancer
What’s in your water?
States reporting contamination
State
Utilities
Above guidelines
Population affected
Nevada
87
86
2,7M
Missouri
512
509
4,4M
Kentucky
372
368
4,5M
West Virginia
419
419
1,6M
Ohio
934
932
9,9M
Wisconsin
588
576
3,9M
Tennessee
435
430
7,1M
Montana
262
260
585,4K
Arizona
313
305
5,9M
Indiana
596
595
4,9M

Health guidelines

EWG guideline0.1 ppb
The health guideline of 0.1 ppb for haloacetic acids (HAA5) was defined by as . This health guideline protects against cancer.

EPA Maxiumum Contaminant Level (MCL)

The legal limit for the group of five haloacetic acids (HAA5), established in 1998, was based on the need for residual disinfectant levels in water served to customers and the cost of treatment. This limit does not fully protect against the risk of cancer and harm to the developing fetus due to exposure to haloacetic acids.

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